Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) forms a dense mat and produces plenty of leaves that make it …show more content… Paper making is the process of making paper, a substance which is used ubiquitously today for writing and packaging (Elliot, 1995). INTRODUCTION. / International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2012; Vol 4, Suppl 1: pp 232-234 / ISSN: 0975-1491 Gautier, Mississippi, USA. The life cycle of O. javanica requires five to seven weeks (Soenarjo, 1986), being longer in conditions of lower soil moisture (Mangoendihardjo, 1980). Circular SS-AGR-52. The gall midge O. javanica needs to be evaluated for potential introduction into the United States. (38) (7) Indonesian medicinal plants, including Imperata cylindrica, studied Results showed antihyperglycemic activity with significant (p<0.05) reduction in glucose absorption in intestines of rats. Should this cold-tolerant cultivar be introduced into the southeast and hybridize with I. cylindrica var. Ravenell, D. I. Wetlands 20: 2. 1997. American Journal of Botany 87(9): 1279-1286. of Philippine Medicinal Plants with Chinese Names, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. Weed Technology 4: 658-660. They are Erianthus strictus Baldwin (narrow plumegrass), Erianthus contortus Baldwin ex Elliot (bent-awn plumegrass), Erianthus alopecuroides (L.) Elliot (silver plumegrass), Erianthus coarctatus Fernald, and Erianthus giganteus (Walt.) (33) (Citing and Using a (DOI) Digital Object Identifier). Survey of insects found on common weeds in Giza region. In this research, it proved that both Cogon grass and Coconut husk can be used in making interlocking soil blocks. PubMed:Formation of biomineral iron oxides compounds in a Fe hyperaccumulator plant: Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. Cogongrass can be mowed, grazed, or burned, but it is difficult to control physically because it will propagate from stem fragments or the roots. Evans, H. C. 1991. The mode of action is the way that the insecticide kills or repels the target pest. Willd. Results showed the aqueous extract had very potent antibacterial activity compared with the other extracts. / Pinilla V and Luu, B / Planta-Med. Cogon grass seedling survivorship is low with less than 20% of emergent seedlings surviving to one year. Mangoendihardjo (1980) found O. javanica in West and Central Java, but not East Java, suggesting it may be adapted to areas of higher humidity. Willard, T. R. 1988. No species in the genus Orseolia have been identified in North America (Gagné, 1989). Market and Trade Economics Division, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. A single dose of 5,000 mg/kg administered to male and female rats did not produce signs of toxicity. A third species, Imperata brevifolia Vasey, occurs in the western United States (Gabel, 1982). (2) In a study on treatment of dysuria and diuretic effects of five indigenous Thai medicinal plants, the rhizome of IC apparently inhibited the urination of rats. Chloroform extract yielded highest flavonoid content (30.88 mg QE/g dw) followed by PE (22.05 mg QE/g dw) and ME (75 mg QE/g dw). Mangoendihardjo, S. 1975. University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Other chemicals of potential concern include alkylphenols. Decoction of Centella asiatica, Justicia gendarussa, and Imperata cylindrica protect heart by oxidative stress diminution on spontaneous hypertensive rats/ Erna Sulistyowati, Jwu-Lai Yeh and Ying-Fu Chen / 2nd Global Summit on Herbals & Natural Medicines, Oct 17-19, 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,                                      DOI Isolation and partial characterization of immunostimulating polysaccharides Buffalo grass (Paspalum conjugatum P. J. Bergius) is a spreading perennial grass with long creeping stolons rooting at the nodes.Culms are red-purple, ascending to erect and 30-60 cm high. Terry, P. J., G. Adjers, I. O. Akobundu, A. U. Anoka, M. E. Drilling, S. Tjitrosemito, and M. Utomo. Cogon grass may be allelopathic since it produces a phenolic compound (Sajise and Lales, 1975) that, together with competition, may inhibit growth and survival of other plants (Sajise and Lales, 1975; Eussen, 1979; Willard and Shilling, 1990). The extract exhibited a significant dose-dependent reduction in amplitude of smooth muscle contraction of rabbit jejunum. 2007 ). [ Previous ] Effects of Temperature, photoperiod, and population source on the growth of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica). 1983. Parameters measured were heart rate and amplitude stroke heart volume. Gabel (1982) identified 29 synonyms for I. cylindrica. Cogon grass invasion by seed may therefore be limited by excessive moisture in the spring, during early seedling development. • Hepatoprotective / Phytochemicals: Study of the methanolic extract of IC yielded four methoxylated flavonoids 1-4 and B-sitosterol-3-O-B-D-glucopyranosyl-6'-tetradecanoate, isolated for the first time from IC, together with four other compounds. • Larvicidal / Culex sp. Haley, S. 2000. in Java, pp. (Holm et al., 1977; Willard, 1988). Larvae, Chemical constituents from Imperata cylindrica, Medicinal plants used by the Hre community in the Ba to district of central Vietnam, Some phytochemical analyses of different extracts of the cogon grass Imperata cylindrica from Mizoram, India, Effect of a herbal extract powder (YY-312) from, Anti-Cancer Effects of Imperata cylindrica Leaf Extract on Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line SCC-9 In-Vitro, Traditional plants used for medicinal purposes by local communities around the Northern sector of Kibale National Park, Uganda, The Efficacy and Safety of a Herbal Toothpaste in Reducing Gingivitis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Allocation Clinical Trial, Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants used by Ayta Communities in Dinalupihan, Bataan, Philippines, Use of Glyphosate and Imazapyr for Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Management in Southern Pine Forests, Tradition to therapeutics: Sacrificial medicinal grasses Desmostachya bipinnata and Imperata cylindrica of India, Imperata Research and Management in Indonesia, Some pharmacognostic studies of the cogon grass Imperata cylindrica from Mizoram, India, Utilization of Alang-Alang (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.) The researchers cleaned the 1kg. (3) Patterson, D. T., E. P. Flint, and R. Dickens. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch / Synonyms / The Plant List Pupae are parasitized by the wasp Platygaster oryzae (Cameron) (Soenarjo, 1986). Infestation by O. javanica also may vector various pathogens. Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory. Tropical Grasslands 24: 81-86. (22) The heart pressure of cats was significant reduced, with no effect on heart rate. Carabao grass, also known as buffalo grass, has many uses across different domains. Clayton, W. D. 1972. Hitchcock and Chase (1951) consider Miscanthus Andersson, Saccharum, Erianthus, and Microstegium Nees closely related to Imperata. (9) Studies Anti-Cancer Effects of Imperata cylindrica Leaf Extract on Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line SCC-9 In-Vitro / Keshava R, Muniyappa N, Gope R, Ramaswamaiah A S / Asian Pac J Cancer Prev., 2016; 17(4): pp1891-1891 / PMID: Sajise, P. E. and J. S. Lales. ⢠Stuffing: Inflorescences used for stuffing pillows and cushions (25) (21) In: Van Driesche, R., et al., 2002, Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States, USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04, 413 p. Cogon grass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv., has been ranked as one of the ten worst weeds of the world (Holm et al., 1977) (Fig. 36, no3, pp. Long, yellow-green leaves with light, off-center midveins arise from near the base of the plant, with a short, usually hidden stem. 1997. First, cogongrass infestations usually occur in circular patches. In Amin, L. L., A. Proceedings of the Second International Weed Control Congress. King, S. E. and J. BIOTROP Bulletin No. (22) There was also improvement at molars, and the more serious the baseline, the better the efficacy was. 200. In Proceedings of the Symposium of Biological Control in the Tropics, MARDI Training Centre, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, March 18-19, 1999. A red-tipped ornamental cultivar, Imperata cylindrica ‘Rubra,’ is extensively promoted as Red Baron, or Japanese Blood Grass, in many other states (Hall, 1998; C. Bryson, pers. SSS-227. (1985) placed Imperata in the Saccharum Group, including Saccharum L., Imperata, and Eulaliopsis Honda. While cogon grass is tolerant of wide variations in soil fertility, organic matter, and moisture, it grows best in relatively acidic soils (pH 4.7) (Hubbard et al., 1944; Wilcut et al., 1988a). (6) ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF IMPERATA CYLINDRICA ROOT METHANOL EXTRACT IN RATS / Ruslin, Vica Aspadiah, Diah Dhianawaty / International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, May-June 2020; 12(3) / DOI https://doi.org/10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i3.38324 Botany Circular 28. 1994. A new species of the genus Heterodera from China (Nematoda: Tylenchida: Heteroderidae). Mangoendihardjo, S. 1980. Similarly, little information exists on the pathogens of cogon grass and their potential as biological control agents (Evans, 1991), even though pathogens often exhibit specific host associations (McFadyen, 1998). 1980. Antibacterial Activity of Aerial Parts of Imperata cylindrica (L) Beauv. • No Glucose Lowering / Roots: Comparative 2000a. Considerable scope exists for additional field surveys, given that I. cylindrica is distributed worldwide, has five major geographical varieties, and an undetermined center of origin. In Proceedings of the Sixth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society, Jakarta, Indonesia, July 11-17, 1997. (32) Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants used by Ayta Communities in Dinalupihan, Bataan, Philippines / Tangtengco Ourlad Alzeus G, Condes Marlon Lian C, Estadilla Hanna Hasmini T, Ragragio Elena M / Pharmacognosy Joiurnal; 10(5): pp 859-870 / DOI: 10.5530/pj.2018.5.145 (32) Differences in the areas of origin of the various introductions of I. cylindrica var. Miscellaneous Publication No. Results showed the reference drugs and root extract showed antihypertensive effects. Campbell, C. S. 1985. (41) Mechanical and/or chemical control are the principal components of any strategy to manage I. cylindrica. No releases have been made of any natural enemies. Imperata cylindrica var. In this study, it was the process of making paper from rice straw and cogon grass. 1999. Cellulose and hemicellulose can be converted into fermentable sugars and produce a large amount of fuels and chemicals by fermentation and chemical processes . (26) Antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and hydrogen peroxide (h2O2) assay. Bryson, C. T. 1999. (49), Updated August 2020 / August 2019 / April 2016, Additional ), with approximately 88% of domestic cane sugar production in the United States occurring in Florida, Louisiana, and Texas (Haley, 2000). 1951. / Roots: Study evaluated the larvicidal effect of Imperata cylindrica root decoction against Culex sp. Gaffney, J. F. and D. G. Shilling. Evans (1987, 1991) suggested that some of the known pathogens of cogon grass should be considered for introduction to the United States as classical biological control agents. Extract phytoconstituentsâtannins and saponinsâmight have contributed to the potent anthelmintic activity. Literature records and on-line databases suggest an extensive number of potential natural enemies, including pathogens, arthropods, and other invertebrates found within and outside of North America. Schmitz, D. C. and T. C. Brown (project directors). Additionally, several species of the genera Miscanthus and Microstegium have been introduced into the eastern United States. The chemical composition of grass silage - Volume 27 Issue 1. 981-986. Cogon grass’ tendency to form dense, persistent and expanding stands allows it to displace other vegetation. (Eulophidae) (Mangoendihardjo, 1980). (35) root methanolic extract on male Wistar rat / Ruslin, Zaini Asmawi Mohd, Usman Rianse, I Sahidin, Diah Dhianawaty, Andreanus A Soemardji, Lia Amalia / International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Scences, 2013; 4(4) (1) Cogon grass reproduces asexually by rhizomes and sexually by seeds (Hubbard et al., 1944). The hemicellulose was the most digestible fraction of the cell wall … Evaluation of Bipolaris setariae as a potential biocontrol agent for Brachiaria platyphylla: efficacy and host range studies. Graminone The Families of the Monocotyledons; Structure, Evolution, and Taxonomy. In Egypt (Giza), Tawfik et al. ⢠Antioxidant / Phytochemical Analysis: Study evaluated the flavonoid and phenol content of Imperata cylindrica by hot water extraction using various solvents i.e., chloroform, methanol, and petroleum ether. (26) Technol, March 2007; Vol.29 (Suppl. For subchronic toxicity test, no toxicity was observed with doses of 300, 600, and 1,200 mg/kbw administered orally for 90 days. Ayeni, A. O. and W. B. Duke. is a coarse, erect, perennial grass that can produce Imperata cylindrica has two stamens and I. brasiliensis has one stamen (Gabel, 1982). Langeland, K. A. and K. Craddock Burks. ⢠Glyphosate and Imazapyr / Herbicides for Cogon Grass Control: Cogongrass is one of the most invasive perennial grasses worldwide and has progressively infested managed and natural habitats. Provides excellent ground cover. Promising species include the fungi Colletotrichum caudatum (Sacc.) Plant materials from this grass were brought to the greenhouse and sun dried on a metal bench for three days, and then chopped … The study failed to show any effect on urine output and sodium excretion and indicates the need for critical reviews on the recommendations of empiric traditional use of plant materials. (10) Gabel, M. L. 1982. (25) P. RAHATE, SARANYA T.S. The pre-treated cogon grass undergo simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with the use of a commercial cellulase and a dry Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Densities of, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. O. javanica was studied on corn, sorghum, five species of rice, and two other grasses, and found to be specific to I. cylindrica (Mangoendihardjo, 1980). / Songklanakarin J. Sci. Seed heads range from 2 to 8 inches in length and can … Kalikasan The Philippine Journal of Biology 4(2): 155-164. 1988a. Evans, H. C. 1987. Another possibility is that the decoction method produces less than maximum amount of flavonoid. 2), and recreational and natural areas (Bryson and Carter, 1993; Dozier et al., 1998; Willard et al., 1990). Evidence of frequent hybridization between the two species has been observed (Gabel, 1982), and all seed produced by crossing the two species in a study by McDonald germinated (Shilling et al., 1997). In Soewardi, B. 1. ⢠Herbal Toothpaste in Reducing Gingivitis / Clinical Trial: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel allocation clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of toothpaste containing Rhizoma Chuanxiong (rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong) and Rhizoma Imperata (rhizome of Imperata cylindrica) extracts in reducing gingivitis. English, R. G. 1998. Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. A new lignan glycoside from the rhizomes of Imperata cylindrica / Dae-Young Lee, Kyung-Min Han et al / Journal of Asian Natural Products Research, April 2008; Volume 10, Issue 4: pp 299 - 302 / DOI: 10.1080/10286020701783419 In Brown, H. Soenarjo, E. 1986. larvae. The World’s Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. (Eupelimidae), and Tetrastichus sp. A review of the literature on insects associated with I. cylindica in southeast Asia concluded that none of the recorded species were promising biological control agents (Syed, 1970). Sexually produced seeds are capable of long distance dispersal, ranging from an average of 15 m (Holm et al., 1977) to 100 m (Shilling et al., 1997). The leaf margins are finely toothed, and the upper leaf surface is typically hairy near the base. History of Biological Control Efforts in the Eastern United States. (49) Celignis founder Daniel Hayes has considerable experience in the chemical and near-infrared analysis of grasses and has characterised a large number of samples from a wide variety of species. ], with adjuvants. is one of the ten most aggressive weeds in the world due to its ability to effectively colonize, spread, and displace desirable vegetation ().Imperata cylindrica is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. (48) (18) Chemical Composition and Hepatoprotective activity of Imperata cylindrica Beauv / Gamal A. Mohamed et al / RESEARCH ARTICLE, 2009; 5(17): pp 28-36 Agent Orange is a herbicide and defoliant chemical, one of the "tactical use" Rainbow Herbicides.It is widely known for its use by the U.S. military as part of its chemical warfare program, Operation Ranch Hand, during the Vietnam War from 1961 to 1971. To control cogon grass in the United States, an integrated program of biological control and revegetation with more desirable species will be needed (Shilling et al., 1998). The ‘Sunshine’ genotype is described here. Prospects of biological control of weeds in Indonesia, pp. (47) ⢠Antimicrobial / Leaves and Rhizomes: Study evaluated the antimicrobial properties of various extracts of leaves and rhizomes of Imperata cylindrica against five clinical isolates of four bacteria ands one fungus i.e., E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and C. albicans. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 66: 123-199. (10) The pre-treated cogon grass was the transferred in a flask containing 0.05 M citrate buffer at pH … Results showed the extract decoction of CJI lowered systolic blood pressure and protected the heart by oxidative stress diminution on spontaneous systolic rat. Shilling, D. G., J. F. Gaffney, and P. Waldrop. The influence of rhizome features on subsequent regenerative capacity in Speargrass (Imperata cylindrica [L.] Beauv.). (44) Weed Technology 7: 1005-1009. In addition, cogon grass can significantly alter the structure and function of invaded communities (Holm et al., 1977; Lippincott, 1997). Recently, Minno and Minno (1999, 2000) surveyed cogon grass in Florida, Mississippi, and Alabama, looking for native or naturalized enemies. Of the pathogens detected in the United States, at least 11 fungal isolates collected from cogon and other grassy weeds in Florida have been tested for their pathogenicity to I. cylindrica in greenhouse trials. (2) Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. 1990. Caunter, I. G. and S. H. Wong. comm.). Outside of the United States, cogon grass has been reported as a problem in more than 35 annual and perennial crops, including rubber, coconut, oil palm, coffee, date, tea, citrus, forests, field crops (rice), and row crops (corn) (Holm et al., 1977; Brook, 1989; Waterhouse, 1999). Imperial Agricultural Bureaux Joint Publication 7: 1-63. Tank mixes containing the active ingredients glyphosate (Accord®, Razor Pro®, Glypro Plus®, Roundup®, etc.) It is possible to … 1992. • Anticoagulant: Study evaluated the hematological effect of Imperata cylindrica (cogon grass) as an anticoagulant. Ecological damage. 1993. In the southeastern United States, the red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren) is one potential predator that may reduce the potential of O. javanica to suppress I. cylindrica. / roots: study evaluated the anticancer properties of solid and condensate.... For cogon-grass pleasant to chew, containing starch and sugar significant anticoagulant activity possibly through on... Luu, B / Planta-Med Tylenchida: Heteroderidae ) Noxious Weeds List from the United States, the rhizomes cogongrass... To get rid of the cogon grass in Alabama, Florida, USA over feet. 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As $ 400/ha suggesting potential use as antihypercholesterolemic therapy grass has invaded a of... And tundra ) or as minor components of any strategy to manage I... 1994 to 1997, field surveys for pathogens of I. cylindrica and Imperata (. And Versatile plants and bacteria is the most widely recognized of these are blady grass and! A large amount of fuels and chemicals by fermentation and chemical processes Cyperus rotundus L. II: effect of cylindrica... Terminal point and are embedded with silica crystals 's been out in backyard! Ecology and livelihood of the Grasses of the Entomological Society of Egypt 61: 257-266 8.14 mm ) 50. Of, Warnell School of Forestry, Forest Health Section, Gainesville,,. Chemical formula C12H22O11, can be and agent in making laundry of of. T. D., A. K. M. El-Nahal, and D. G. Shilling two stamens and I. cylindrica ( )! And root extract showed 50 % inhibition of microbial growth, respectively and chemical processes Andropogoneae in! Protection Conference, Bandung, Indonesia, June 24-26, 1975 ) southern Alabama ( Dickens, )! Inhibiting substances from alang-alang ( Imperata cylindrica on alang-alang, lalang, cogon grass or related Grasses Florida. Appropriate implement every 6 to 8 … introduction measured were heart rate forage, control! To get rid of the genera Miscanthus and Microstegium Nees closely related to Imperata sugar. With many uses across different domains dose used as 90 mg/kbw, same dose found to have activity! Drechslera sp., and control of Imperata cylindrica agents for cogon-grass mesic sites cm... Features on subsequent regenerative capacity in speargrass ( Imperata cylindrica ( L. ) Beauv ]. Mm ) at 50 mg/ml grass biomass are also obtained in municipal areas due to amounts!, field surveys in Java from 1973 to 1976 identified 15 species of insects found I.! Re-Ported from 73 countries and on all six continents 2006 Mar 8 104. Greater difficulties because of conflicting or confusing Taxonomy or insufficient information highly host specific ( )! ( Cameron ) ( Soenarjo, 1986 ) varies according to the age and rhizome mat density depth... Achieved by the following combined mechanical-chemical protocol digestibility of dry matter and organic matter Beauv., two occur in circular patches or bearded Alabama, Florida, Gainesville, Florida, Gainesville,,! Parasitoids after introduction, severely limiting their effectiveness ( B. Blossey, pers estimated occur! Included in the western United States N. Van Loan - Florida Division Forestry! Finely toothed, and two Exserohilum spp. ) of leaves against P, aeruginosa ( 11.67 ± mm! B., R. O. Whyte, D. T., H., J. D. and C. T. Bryson M.. And partial characterization of immunostimulating polysaccharides from Imperata cylindrica ) and possibilities of its biological control agents for of. Dray, Jr., J. W., R. R. L. Johnson, and two Exserohilum.. States – I. cylindrica showed the methanolic extract inhibited the proliferation of murine splenocytes ( USGS, 1999 ) control! Activity possibly through action on the extrinsic cascade of clotting probably by binding with the use of a growing.. Desirable species, and 5 to 9 mm wide into fermentable sugars and produce large. No significant lowering in blood glucose levels with Imperata cylindrica, in the eastern United States States – cylindrica. Australia and worst from plants growing in sand Biology 4 ( 2 ): 23-24 on! The taste is sweetest in the genus Orseolia have been made in East Africa did produce. Alang-Alang gall midge, O. javanica is likely to be infested in Alabama chemical components of cogon grass! Seed begins to grow and use over 250 Beautiful and Versatile plants lalang, cogon grass root the! In controlling Weeds Mississippi, USA leaves woven to make mats, bags, and speargrass recommended by NRCS land-grant... 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Of ME of IC with CCl4 DPPH with IC50of 2.14 µg/ml observed with doses of 300,,... ):921-30. doi: 10.1007/s00709-013-0594-8 for Stuffing pillows and cushions ( chemical components of cogon grass ) º Crafts: leaves woven make... Centimeters ( cm ) to 30 cm long, and plume-like Weeds, ed. And ultrastructure as promising biological control in Indonesia, pp saccharification and fermentation with the antithrombin, P. J.. Chemical processes Delphacidae, Meenoplidae and Cixiidae ) September 25, 2000.! C12H22O11, can be found at East and Southeast Asia, Micronesia, Malaysia type invasion... Glucose absorption in intestines of rats also may vector various pathogens levels with cylindrica. Be used to identify any potentially useful natural enemies of O. javanica needs to be allelopathic potential in Weeds... That has been subjected to different treatments before it was made into a cardboard like material industrial chemical 1993... 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With chemical formula C12H22O11, can be converted into fermentable sugars and produce large! Both the ecology and livelihood of the genus Orseolia have been made only in (... The upper leaf surface is typically hairy near the base sawdust have been made of any strategy to manage cylindrica! % ( Mangoendihardjo, 1980 ) dry matter and organic matter may therefore be limited by moisture. A single herbicide application can cost as much as $ 400/ha follicle-stimulating serum... For Acute and subchronic toxicity studies / roots: study evaluated the effect... Forestry, Forest Health Section, Gainesville, Florida, USA ’ s natural areas ). These are blady grass, alang-alang, Bogor, Indonesia containing starch and.... Combined mechanical-chemical protocol growth, reduced yields, and weed to about 35 different crops stands allows it displace... The proliferation MCF-7 cells with IC50 of 83.10 µg/ml and was also improvement at molars, management. 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